![]() Our hope is that children with pica will receive early intervention to prevent pica from developing into life-threatening behavior. Our hope is that administrators, professionals and practitioners will consider our guidelines and recommendations as they attempt to protect people with pica and developmental disabilities from harm by developing standards for assessment, treatment and prevention for this difficult-to-treat population. These recommendations are based on two extensive reviews of the literature and our extensive experience as practitioners in the treatment of pica. We make recommendations for assessment, treatment, and prevention of pica for practitioners. A second limitation of current research is that some studies reduced pica substantially, but pica responses still occurred at rates that are problematic in terms of prevention of adverse consequences, which leaves practitioners with the task of further decreasing pica to protect people exhibiting pica from harm. While a number of published studies have demonstrated that pica behavior can be decreased substantially with behavioral treatment, few of these studies incorporated strategies for generalization and maintenance outside of brief sessions. Studies also indicate that pica has led to the death of people with developmental disabilities. doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2020.10.Pica is a dangerous form of self-injurious behavior that occurs in people with developmental disabilities who are institutionalized. Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Thomas JJ, Becker KR, Breithaupt L, et al. ![]() Pica in persons with developmental disabilities: Approaches to treatment. Matson JL, Hattier MA, Belva B, Matson ML. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability. ![]() Pica in people with intellectual disability: a literature review of aetiology, epidemiology and complications. Muller Journal of Medical Sciences and Research. Pica in children with tetralogy of Fallot: Report of two cases. Pica: an age-old eating disorder that's often missed. Hartmann AS, Becker AE, Hampton C, Bryant-Waugh R. If the cause is iron deficiency anemia, treatment may involve taking iron supplements. International Journal of Eating Disorders. The treatment for pagophagia will vary depending on whether doctors can find a diagnosable cause. Development of the Pica, ARFID, and rumination disorder interview, a multi‐informant, semi‐structured interview of feeding disorders across the lifespan: A pilot study for ages 10–22. ![]() American Psychiatric Association 2013.Ĭall C, Walsh BT, Attia E. Treatment for pica may vary by patient and suspected cause (e.g., child, developmentally disabled, pregnant, or psychogenic) and may emphasize psychosocial, environmental and family-guidance approaches iron deficiency may be treatable through iron supplements or through dietary changes. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Pica disorder among African American women: A call for action and further research. Epidemiology of eating disorders in Africa. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings. A systematic review of the effectiveness of behavioural treatments for pica in youths. Moline, R, Hou, S, Chevrier, J, Thomassin, K. Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Treatment. Pica in individuals with developmental disabilities. Pica: A common condition that is commonly missed - an update review.
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